Aspirin Use Linked to Lower Colorectal Cancer Risk in Adults with Poor Lifestyles

Regular aspirin use is associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer, particularly among adults leading unhealthy lifestyles, according to a study published in JAMA Oncology on August 1. The research, encompassing data from over 107,655 participants in the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, found that regular aspirin users had an 18% lower relative risk of colorectal cancer compared to those who did not use aspirin or used it less frequently.

Researchers defined regular aspirin use as taking two or more standard-dose tablets per week or six or more low-dose tablets per week. The study highlighted that the most significant benefits were observed in moderate or heavy smokers and individuals with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25 or greater.

Lifestyle factors such as having overweight or obesity, type 2 diabetes, an unhealthy diet, smoking tobacco, and drinking alcohol can increase a person’s risk of developing colorectal cancer. The average age of the study participants was 49 years, and the research underscores the potential role of aspirin in mitigating cancer risk among those with unhealthy habits.

Genetics also plays a role in colorectal cancer development. However, the study found that people maintaining the healthiest lifestyles had a lower 10-year risk of colorectal cancer, regardless of their aspirin use. This indicates that while aspirin may help those with poor lifestyles, adopting healthier habits remains crucial.

Dr. Raymond DuBois, commenting on the findings, stated, “This study shows that taking two regular aspirins a week reduces the risk of getting colon cancer.” However, he cautioned against routine aspirin use without medical advice, adding, “It’s not a common side effect of aspirin, but no one should routinely take two large aspirins a week without consulting their doctor.”

The US Preventive Services Task Force had recommended aspirin use in 2016 to lower colorectal cancer risk but reversed this recommendation in 2022 due to concerns about bleeding. The current level of evidence remains insufficient to change physician recommendations regarding aspirin.

This study provides valuable insights into how regular aspirin use can potentially lower colorectal cancer risk among individuals with unhealthy lifestyles. However, the findings also emphasize the importance of consulting healthcare professionals before starting any aspirin regimen, given the potential complications such as bleeding.