What You Need to Know About GLP-1 Drugs and Pregnancy

GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy, known for their efficacy in weight loss and diabetes management, can impact fertility and pregnancy. These medications can increase the likelihood of getting pregnant due to the weight loss they induce, but they also present risks and guidelines that must be followed closely.

Weight loss from GLP-1 drugs can improve fertility by addressing issues such as insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, which are common in individuals who are overweight. Dr. Scott Isaacs noted, “Losing weight can increase fertility by improving several factors linked to being overweight or obese, including insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism.”

However, the use of these medications comes with specific precautions. The FDA advises that anti-obesity medications should not be taken during pregnancy and should be stopped at least two months before attempting to conceive. “For those who are planning to become pregnant and are on a GLP-1, the FDA recommends stopping the medication at least two months before trying to conceive,” confirmed Isaacs.

Taking birth control pills while on GLP-1 medications could also pose challenges. The efficacy of birth control pills may be reduced if a patient experiences vomiting, a common side effect during the initial weeks of starting or increasing the dose of GLP-1 drugs. “If the birth control pill is vomited, it may not be effective,” explained Isaacs.

How can I prevent unplanned pregnancies while taking a GLP-1?

Unplanned pregnancies can occur if individuals do not take birth control precautions, especially those who previously faced fertility challenges before starting GLP-1 medications. “Because anti-obesity medications cause weight loss, there is an increased risk of getting pregnant while taking any anti-obesity medication,” said Isaacs.

Weight loss from these drugs can indeed lead to successful conception, but stopping the medication poses another set of challenges. “One issue that I have come across is excessive pregnancy weight gain after stopping a weight loss medication for pregnancy,” Isaacs added.

For patients planning to conceive, consulting a healthcare provider is essential for personalized guidance. Dr. Winn emphasized, “For individuals planning to conceive, it’s always advised to consult a healthcare provider beforehand so personalized guidance can be provided.”

In the event of an unexpected pregnancy while on a GLP-1 medication, immediate communication with a doctor is crucial. “If you become pregnant unexpectedly while taking a GLP-1 medication like Ozempic, call your doctor immediately. Never immediately stop taking the medication without consulting a doctor first,” advised Winn.

In conclusion, while GLP-1 drugs offer significant benefits for weight loss and managing type 2 diabetes, they require careful consideration and management when it comes to pregnancy and fertility. Always seek professional medical advice when planning to conceive or if you suspect an unplanned pregnancy while on these medications.